MAURITANIE @CTU >>
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Nos titres d'aujourd'hui (27/03/02) :

> World's biggest trawler row [UTV News]
> Fahey prevails in Commission dispute over 'Atlantic Dawn' [IRISH TIMES]
> Leviathan Plundering The Ocean Off West Africa [Maritime SA]
> SA keeps watch on 'ship from hell' [WA-SA]
> "Neo-colonialist and greedy" [IRISH Skipper]
> MEP challenges Atlantic owners [Metro Eireann]
> Another business gamble for skipper McHugh [IRISH TIMES]


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>>
UTV Indepth News TUESDAY 26/03/02
World's biggest trawler row
Fishermen in Cork and Kerry are up in arms over the licensing of a Killybegs
based super trawler.

The €62 million Atlantic Dawn, which is the size of a football pitch, has up to
now been fishing off West Africa.
Fishermen are worried that the size of the trawler could seriously affect the
industry here and objections are to be raised with the Department of the Marine.
Green MEP, Patricia McKenna revealed that the European Commission sent a first
warning to the Irish Government regarding the granting of a fishing licence to
supertrawler the Atlantic Dawn, and over its lack of compliance with the agreed
reduction programmes in the pelagic trawl sector.
Ms McKenna said that, "Granting a licence to the Atlantic Dawn, the world`s
biggest trawler was not only irresponsible and arrogant in light of the existing
failure by Ireland to meet its legally-binding fishing fleet reduction
requirements but it could also be illegal.
" She urged Minister for Marine and Natural resources to revoke the licence
granted to the Atlantic Dawn immediately and ensure that Ireland complies with
the Multi-Annual Guidance Programmes in the briefest delays.
"According to the latest glossy brochures put out by the Fisheries Board,
Minister Frank Fahey appears to be championing fish conservation measures. How
can he reconcile his plan to conserve fishing stocks at home and give a
supertrawler the right to deplete fishing stocks in West African coasts without
any kind of EU monitoring. This is disgraceful double speak on the part of the
Minister who appears to be preaching one thing at home and doing the opposite
abroad," she added.
Ms McKenna explained that the Atlantic Dawn, whose temporary license was
extended indefinitely last month, does not appear on the EU register of fishing
vessels or on the Irish register. It appears to only feature on the Irish
mercantile marine register.
The European Commission decided to act because under EU law, a vessel must be on
the EU register to have a fishing licence.
The Commission has confirmed that it is acting under Regulation 3690/93 which
stipulates that, "all Community fishing vessels shall be required to have a
fishing licence for the vessel " (Article 1.2).
It adds that, "Fishing vessels shall be forbidden to catch, retain on board,
transfer or land fish where a fishing licence has not been granted or where the
fishing licence has been suspended or withdrawn" (Article 1.4).
The Atlantic Dawn is owned by Killybegs businessman Kevin McHugh and was given a
rapturous welcome when she arrived in Ireland in autumn 2000.
Since the supertrawler does not have a fishing licence and cannot fish in
EU-controlled waters, a private agreement with Mauritania was entered to exploit
fishing waters there in direct competition with other EU-flagged vessels.
"This is extremely serious because the Atlantic Dawn, the world`s largest
fishing vessel, cannot be controlled by any EU institutions and has free rein to
fish in waters that are already heavily exploited. The terms of the agreement
with Mauritania have not been made public and it is not possible to know what
kind of species it is catching and what is the resulting environmental impact,"
Ms McKenna said.
The freezing capacity of the Atlantic Dawn is 300 tonnes a day and it has holds
which can store up to 7,000 tonnes of fish.


>>
Irish Times Mar 23, 2002
Business And Finance: Fahey prevails in Commission dispute over 'Atlantic Dawn'

The Minister for the Marine, Mr Fahey, has won his battle with the European
Commission to permit the 144-metre supertrawler Atlantic Dawn to fish on the
Irish register. The ª63.49 million vessel is now licensed and registered with
the Irish fishing fleet.
The vessel, owned by Mr Kevin McHugh of Killybegs, Co Donegal, will be able to
fish in European waters under limited conditions, as part of the agreement
concluded with the EU, The Irish Times has learned.
In return, Mr McHugh's second supertrawler, the Veronica, has been taken off the
Irish register and will not be permitted to fish within the EU.
Even as the Minister confirmed yesterday that the deal had been concluded, after
some 18 months of lengthy negotiations, the Atlantic Dawn was landing into
Amsterdam - the first time it has been permitted to do so in Europe. The
Minister welcomed the breakthrough.
The Atlantic Dawn has been fishing under a private agreement brokered by Mr
McHugh since it was precluded from entering the fishing fleet register by the
European Commission. During this period, it has been legally registered under
the 1999 Mercantile Marine Act.
Under licensing policy, a vessel can be granted a permit only where the
applicant removes capacity (tonnage and engine power) equivalent to that being
introduced.
The EU took the view that the supertrawler's addition exceeded Ireland's
capacity limits, but Mr McHugh argued that Ireland should be permitted to avail
of the EU's international agreements with non-EU or 'third countries'.
The deal does not create an international segment for Ireland but, last month,
the Commission said it would allow the Republic an additional 14,055 tonnes
capacity in the pelagic [mackerel/herring] fleet - exactly the tonnage of the
Atlantic Dawn on the Lloyd's register.
The agreement acknowledges for the first time Ireland's right to avail of
international opportunities. It also means that the EU's infringement
proceedings issued in relation to the vessel will be dropped.
The entitlement that the Veronica had in terms of its mackerel quota, access to
horse mackerel or scad stocks, blue whiting and its effort allocation remains
with Mr McHugh's company, but the ship itself will now be registered in Panama
and will fish outside Europe.
It is expected that the Atlantic Dawn will continue to fish off Mauritania under
the private agreement until such time as the EU receives approval from that
government for the new arrangement. It will also be able to fish within the EU
under conditions attached to the Veronica - an agreement which already applies
to several Dutch vessels currently fishing off west Africa.
The Green MEP, Ms Patricia McKenna, has been critical of the Atlantic Dawn
negotiations and the effect on stocks off west Africa.
The Department of the Marine says that scientific information on the state of
the pelagic stocks off Mauritania indicates that they are very sustainable.


>>
Maritime South Africa 04 December 2001
Leviathan Plundering The Ocean Off West Africa

Dakar - Senegal - An Irish registered fish factory vessel of monstrous
proportion is reported to be raping the seas off West Africa and one does not
have to be a rocket scientist to calculate in which direction this plunder is
going.
Wealthy Irish businessman Kevin McHugh owns the vessel, Atlantic Dawn, aptly
dubbed “the factory ship from hell”. The 144-meter long ship, with its 1.2km
circumference net, hauls in everything in its path and is said to be the
“biggest, baddest and most brazen illegal super trawler afloat”.
The South African and Namibian Authorities and the fishing industries of both
countries are monitoring the trawler’s activities. A ship of the Atlantic Dawn’s
proportion could deplete fishing stocks in no length of time and would spell
doom for the local industry.
Said to be the “Pride of Ireland”, the Atlantic Dawn was built by shipbuilder,
Umoe Sterkoder of Norway at cost of about 50 million pounds (sterling).
The ship has a 70,000-ton storage capacity and uses the least selective fishing
techniques and its enormous purse seine nets scoop up everything in its path
without discrimination. According to reports, it has also been alleged that
about 30% of the catches in West African waters were illegally dumped overboard.
The Atlantic Dawn, in her emerald green hull and white superstructure, may be
considered the “Pride of Ireland” (to the Irish), but in her short life at sea,
just over a year, she already has a questionable record (so much for pride).
There is no doubt that countries protecting their Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ)
and other environmental organisations will not succumb to an easy passage of
destruction our oceans.
West African Correspondent


>>
Wildlife Action Group (SA)
SA keeps watch on 'ship from hell'
November 30 2001 at 07:49PM

By Jean Le May

The biggest and potentially most destructive fishing vessel in the world,
described as the "factory ship from hell", is operating off the African coast
and fears are growing it could soon be prowling the South Atlantic as northern
seas are fished out.
The Irish-owned Atlantic Dawn - the length of one-and-a-half rugby fields - with
its colossal 1,2km circumference net that grabs everything in its path, is
fishing in Mauritanian waters off West Africa.
It has been described as "the biggest, baddest, and most brazenly illegal
super-trawler yet".
South African and Namibian fisheries authorities, and the fishing industries in
both countries, are keeping a watchful eye on it.
"When it comes to distant-water fishing, Mauritania is just around the corner
from us," said an industry spokesman.
Talks about a fisheries agreement between South Africa and the European Union
have been suspended after three years of fruitless negotiations. The EU
desperately wanted access to South African waters, which the South African
government would not allow.
But even the EU's fisheries commission is wary of the giant predator.
Atlantic Dawn is operating under a temporary private licence granted by Irish
Marine and Natural Resources Minister Frank Fahey to its owner, wealthy Irish
businessman Kevin McHugh, as negotiations about its future continue with the EU.
There are two court cases against it, brought by the commission's directorates
for trade and for development. Michael Earle, adviser to the influential Green
group in the European Parliament, commented: "It is unacceptable that the
world's largest fishing vessel is under no restrictions whatever except to keep
out of EU waters. All our vessels are under restrictions, except the Atlantic
Dawn. This is absurd."
A factory ship the size of the Atlantic Dawn could cause havoc with South
Atlantic shoals, just as the notorious factory ship William Barentz did in the
1970s. Stocks were badly depleted and it could happen again.
Atlantic Dawn has picked up a questionable record, in spite of having been at
sea for just more than a year. Early this year the Norwegian fisheries newspaper
Fiskaren reported that its crew claimed that as much as 30 perecent of the catch
in West African waters was dumped overboard illegally.
The former skipper, Captain Jostein Storksen, denied the allegation, but joined
other crew members in a court action for breaching a wage agreement.
The Atlantic Dawn is the pride of Ireland. When it was delivered to the port of
Dublin last year, about 10 000 people visited it, including Prime Minister
Bertie Ahern. At its home port of Killibegs on the west coast of Ireland, there
was a 20km traffic jam as admirers flocked to marvel at the ship as McHugh was
named First Maritime Person of the Year.
There's no doubt that it's a beautiful ship, with its emerald green hull and
white superstructure.
It was built by the Norwegian shipbuilder Umoe Sterkoder at a cost of about
£50-million (about R700-million) including a £4-million (R56-million) subsidy
from the Norwegian government.
It is 144m long and has a storage capacity of 7 000 tons. It uses the least
selective fishing techniques of all, purse seining and pelagic trawling. Its
purse seine, a huge globular net, scoops up fish indiscriminately.


>>
IRISH SKIPPER
September 2001
"Neo-colonialist and greedy" - IFO

The Irish Fishermen’s Organisation (IFO) has called upon the government to
"clearly and unambiguously" spell out Irish policy with regard to the
registration of sea fishing vessels. The IFO said it was seeking this
clarification on foot of "enquiries and expressions of concern" it had received
about the legality of the Atlantic Dawn.

The statement said it was "puzzled by the registration status of the vessel,
given the existing policy with regard to the registration of sea fishing boats,
as set down by the marine department, which states: ‘It is a basic requirement
of fishing boat licensing policy, reflecting mandatory EU fleet capacity policy,
that a licence may only be granted for the introduction of a boat into the
fishing fleet where the applicant will remove capacity (tonnage and engine
power) from the Fishing Vessel Register which is at least equal to the capacity
of the boat to be introduced.’ The statement added that as the required capacity
had not been removed in the case of Atlantic Dawn, "it is difficult to see how
the vessel can be legally accommodated as a sea fishing vessel under the Irish
flag". The IFO has questioned the value to Ireland of vessels of this type,
which is states "rarely, if ever land into Irish ports and offer no value to the
State. There is a strong perception that different treatment is given to
different people. This situation must be rectified," the statement added. The
IFO has also cautioned against Ireland being labelled as "neo-colonialist and
greedy", by supporting a form of fishing activity that is "likely to create the
same problems of stock depletion in third countries that already exist in
Europe".
Response
Speaking to the The Irish Skipper, a spokesman for the marine department said
that Atlantic Dawn was neither registered on the Irish register of fishing
boats, nor on the EU fishing fleet register. "The vessel is legally registered
on the general register of the Irish Shipping 1995 Mercantile Marine Act." Mr
Bass added that as Atlantic Dawn was fishing exclusively outside EU waters,
"policy considerations [as set out in the IFO statement] do not arise".
"Requirement to remove capacity from the Fishing Boat Register in connection
with licensing of vessels is operated to ensure Ireland’s compliance with the
binding fleet capacity objectives as specified in the EU’s 4th Multi-annual
Guidance Programme," he explained. Atlantic Dawn is currently operating under a
short-term sea fishing boat licence, which precludes her from fishing inside EU
waters. The vessel is fishing in Mauritanian waters, identified by the
Scientific, Technical, Economic and Fisheries Committee of DG Fisheries. A
majority of the crew is Irish, and economic benefits to Ireland include crew
wages, shares, and equipment supplies from Irish companies. On behalf of the
Killybegs Fishermen’s Organisation (KFO), Sean O’Donoghue said it saw "no
reason" why Atlantic Dawn could not be accommodated under the international
segment of the MAGP. " If this was done, then there would be no problem in EU
waters." He added that the KFO did not agree with the IFO on this matter. "It
does appear strange that the IFO’s concern does not extend to Dutch vessels
undertaking the same operations," he said.
Disappointing uptake of new tuna licences
Despite the allocation of 32 new licences this year in the tuna fishery -
primarily for pair-pelagic trawling, trolling and longlining - The Irish Skipper
has learned that from 40 applications as few as 10 were deemed suitable, and
that many fishermen did not avail of the opportunity. These additional licences
were sought by marine minister Frank Fahey at last December’s fisheries council
meeting in a bid to develop Ireland’s participation in this lucrative fishery,
in light of the introduction of a TAC and quota system, and the forthcoming
driftnet ban. Speaking the The Irish Skipper, Tommy Conneelly said that if the
driftnets are to go, "then we have no alternative but to look for other ways of
operating this fishery". Owner of the 57’ Warren Lock and 70’ Annandale, Mr
Conneelly said that the obvious option for Irish vessels was to follow the
example of the Spanish and French fleets, who engage in trolling by day and
pelagic fishing by night respectively: "The fish are now less then sixty miles
off our coast, and there are 40 Spanish and French vessels working there. We all
realise that these methods of fishing may not be as lucrative as netting, but
you have to do the best with your options. Trolling and pelagic fishing are all
that are open to us right now," he said. A spokesperson for the Commission told
The Irish Skipper the driftnet ban had been a "difficult decision", which was
being introduced on "biological, economic and social" reasons. "Enforcement will
be the responsibilty of each member state, supported by 25 Commission
inspectors," the spokesperson added.
Allegations by Irish skippers of discrimination have been challenged by Minister
Fahey, who called a meeting of industry leaders and public representatives to
"correct misleading reports and misinformation".
He said statistics showed on average that foreign vessels accounted for 65 per
cent of all boardings during the tuna fishery, and despite a 2:1 ratio of
boardings for foreign vessels compared to Irish boats, "the four detentions in
2000 for alleged breaches of regulations were Irish boats". The Minister added
that the 2.5km maximum driftnet rule was being "strictly enforced by French
authorities and the EU Commission", and that no evidence to the contrary has
been produced: "If the Irish industry has hard evidence, I will take delivery of
it and personally take it up with Minister Glavany," he said.
The 2001 Irish tuna quota is 3,158 tonnes giving a potential value of £10m. Some
14 owners of 18 boats in the driftnet fishery enjoyed a turnover last year of
some £8m. Stressing the "illegal and unsustainable" use of driftnets in excess
of 2.5km, Minister Fahey said that any breach of the regulation "damages the
potential for Irish fishermen to maximise the value of the fishery". Minister
Fahey said the fact that the driftnet ban would be taking effect next year meant
that the task of developing viable and profitable alternative fishing methods
remained the key strategy: "Significant investment in the region of £3m has
already been made by my department and BIM in supporting alternative fishing
methods that have potential, such as longlining, trolling and midwater trawling.
"These methods will be further analysed, tested and developed by ourselves and
the industry so that the industry can continue to flourish in the years ahead,"
he said. Chief executive of the Killybegs Fishermen’s Organisation Sean
O’Donoghue said that despite many arguments, the reality was that the
alternatives to driftnetting "are proving viable. Nobody can tell me that Irish
pelagic fishermen are not as good as the French, and given a little experience,
I would expect this fishery to take off for Ireland."


>>
Metro Eireann February 2001
MEP challenges Atlantic owners
By Chinedu Onyejelem
AN Irish-owned ship, Atlantic Dawn, will have a serious negative impact on
fishing stocks accessible by both the Mauritanian and Moroccan fleet and thus
damage the livelihoods of local fishermen, says a member of the fisheries
committee of the European Parliament.
Atlantic Dawn, the largest fishing vessel in the world, is licensed to fish off
the west coast of Africa by the Irish government.
MEP Patricia McKenna also voiced her concerns over the EU’s dependence on “the
good graces” of third countries for access to fish as a result of over-fishing
of EU waters. She said: “It is completely irresponsible for the Irish Government
to grant the Atlantic Dawn a fishing licence and allow it to unfairly compete
for fish stocks off the north-western coast of Africa while negotiations are
still ongoing with the European Commission to gain an EU licence.”
The Green Party MEP wants the Government to explain “what kind of a private
agreement was concluded between the owners of the vessel and the Mauritanian
government”. She challenged the ship’s owner, Kevin McHugh, to produce details
of the agreement, reveal on what scientific basis the agreement is implemented
and show what controls are used to monitor the quantity of fish caught and how
it is caught.
Efforts made by metro eireann to reach Kevin McHugh failed as he was said to be
at sea.


>>
THE IRISH TIMES
Friday, February 25, 2000
Another business gamble for skipper McHugh

Dwarfing other Irish boats, Kevin McHugh's 'Atlantic Dawn' is almost 40 metres
longer than his existing supertrawler, writes Lorna Siggins
When Mayoman Kevin McHugh brings his new "boat" back to Irish waters, he will
take the first opportunity he can to anchor off Achill island. He'll already
have warned his mother, Nora, on one of a dozen communications systems on board
the vessel. She'll come down to Keem Bay with her daughter, Sheila, to marvel at
this latest venture.
She shouldn't have any problem spotting it, for this is no currach or punt. The
£50 million (#64 million) Atlantic Dawn is all of 144.6 metres, dwarfing this
State's largest patrol ship and almost 40 metres longer than Mr McHugh's
existing supertrawler, the Veronica. Few ports on this coast, let alone
Killybegs where Mr McHugh has been based, will have berthing space for it - no
matter, for once the vessel has been fitted out in Norway the supership will
rarely visit these waters.
It is bound for west Africa, where it will target horse mackerel, mackerel,
sardinella, sardines and anchovies under an EU agreement with "third countries"
or non-EU members. All of the catch will be chilled immediately, graded and
frozen in the vessel's on-board factory.
The seafood will then be shipped or landed directly into west African markets.
It will work with the Veronica and will also try out a new system of purse
seining (using nets which encircle fish).
Mr McHugh (54) is embarking on another gamble, at at time of his life when "I
could be sitting in the sun in Las Palmas", he said. Speaking from Norway -
where he has already been made an honorary Viking - he had just witnessed the
hull of the new vessel hit the water. With over three decades of fishing behind
him, he is one of Europe's most successful skippers and the Atlantic Dawn is one
of the three largest ships of its kind on this side of the Atlantic.
He doesn't intend to be a shore manager either, but will take the helm himself.
"You need three skippers, full-time, to meet the roster," he explains. "The same
goes for the rest of the crew."
For the Atlantic Dawn to make its way, it must never be idle during the fishing
season. Crew members will have comfortable quarters, the best of living
conditions, but with seven days' steaming down to Africa they will be expected
to work for their substantial earnings.
Unlike his previous commissions in Norway, which were bank-rolled by Norwegian
financial institutions, Mr McHugh's financial package has been put together
exclusively by Irish banks, headed by Bank of Ireland and co-funded by Anglo
Irish Bank, Irish Intercontinental Bank Bank and Ulster Bank Markets.
"They approached me, and so I let them see how they could work it out," Mr
McHugh says. Mr Finbarr O'Neill of Bank of Ireland Corporate Banking is
delighted that the transaction was structured and financed in Dublin and that,
in a very real sense, Atlantic Dawn is a totally Irish initiative. It has no EU
or State involvement, apart from the moral support given by Bord Iascaigh Mhara
(BIM).
"Kevin McHugh is the foremost entrepreneur in the Irish fishing industry," Mr
O'Neill says. "His track record over more than 30 years in the industry is
hugely impressive, and I know that many international banks would have been very
anxious to participate in this exciting project."
The words reflect the confidence in a man who is known for his sense of humour,
his unassuming nature and his commitment to his "adopted" community in Donegal.
Among his shore interests are the town's main hotel - the Bayview, once a
ramshackle quarters on the pier - the Cope House, and a pub outside town known
as the Holly Bush.
Originally from Bullsmouth on Achill, Kevin McHugh is the son of an electrician.
He is one of a generation of young fishermen identified by Bord Iascaigh Mhara
(BIM) in the 1960s at a time when - after years of neglect - the State had begun
to take an interest in the potential of this island's marine resource. He had
joined a BIM training programme in his teens, and began fishing in the Irish
Sea.
In the mid-1960s, he set off on a trip to Iceland to learn more; that island's
fish-based economy inspired him to stick with it, and he gained his skipper's
certificate. In 1968, he bought his first boat, the 65-foot Wavecrest. He was
only 21. Eight years later, he was the proud owner of his own steel vessel, the
Albacore which he partly designed himself at a cost of £1.2 million.
It was the closure of the Irish herring fishery that prompted him to move to
Killybegs to concentrate on mackerel fishing off the Scottish and Irish coasts.
At the time, mackerel was the new quarry - able to swim almost 50 kilometres an
hour, and to do so undetected, due to the lack of an air sac.
A Norwegian company's invention of an echo sounder to track it, and the fact
that a market for the protein fish had developed, made it potentially lucrative.
In the early years of the EU's fisheries management system, it was not subject
to quota, and Killybegs made the most of that.
McHugh, and fellow skippers and owners such as Des Faherty from the Aran
Islands, Mick Doyle from Wicklow,and Teddy O'Shea from Castletownbere, Co Cork,
moved from boat to bigger boat, but when the Achill islander placed an order for
a £12 million craft which could steam further to meet the growing demand for
fish, there were those who thought he had lost it. Nevertheless, the Veronica
attracted almost the whole cabinet when it eventually arrived back from Norway
in the late 1980s.
In June, 1992, however, Mr McHugh suffered a setback; the ship was destroyed by
fire while in Harland and Wolff in Belfast. Once the insurance was settled, the
skipper ordered a replacement which returned to Killybegs in January, 1995.
For Mr McHugh, his business is his passion, and there are those who say he is
never better than when he is at the helm. He says he has no particular leisure
interests, other than keeping fit, and spending time out with his wife,
Veronica, and family - Paul (27), who manages the Cope House; Carl (26),
marketing manager with the McHugh fishing company, Atlantic Dawn; Kevin (22),
currently studying at the National Fisheries Training Centre in Greencastle, Co
Donegal: and Noreen (19), who is studying marketing in Derry. He relishes a
challenge - and one of those close to him, Joey Murrin, chief executive of the
Killybegs Fishermen's Organisation, has seen him embark on many.
His son, Kevin, may be one of the 100 crew on board the 13,500 tonne ship, built
in the Umoe Sterkoder shipyard in Kristiansund, Norway, when it is finished.
Constructed in seven separate sections which were then welded together, it will
be fitted out with processing and electronic equipment, while the accommodation
and navigation areas are also being completed. Mr McHugh is unhappy with the
perception that such powerful ships poses a threat to world fish stocks; he is
aware that the EU's third country arrangements, funded by more than one-third of
the fishery budget, have come in for some criticism from environmental groups.
"Where we will be working, off Mauritania, there are strict controls and very
strict arrangements, whereby we must take a certain number of Mauretanian
fishermen on board, and an observer.
"They like to see us coming, because we are paying for our investment and there
is a direct return to that state."
"Those waters down there are alive with fish - like Bullsmouth - but the air and
sea temperatures make it very difficult to land good quality. That's what we aim
to do, and to do so in cooperation with the Mauretanians, so both of us can
benefit."
That's one of the reasons for the vessel's size, he says. "It's not just about
the ability to steam down there, travel long distances. It is not just about
catching power either. It's about having the horsepower to fit out an onboard
factory with sufficient freezing capacity to ensure the quality of the catch."
The EU's agreement is designed to ensure that there are mutual benefits, he
says. "The budget pays for roads, hospitals, factories, and there is a research
and training dimension of benefit to the local fishermen. They welcome us,
because we come with new vessels and expertise, and we aim to sell into their
market; unlike the Russians, with 25-yearold ships, landing for fishmeal.
"I depend for my livelihood on fish, and I have no interest in cleaning out the
seas," he says. A renewable resource requires intelligent management, he says,
and he is all in favour of it - once the system is fair.




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